Spinal discs lie between each of the vertebra that make up your spine. They provide cushion to absorb shock when pressure is added to the spine. The discs consist of two parts: the outer tougher layer called the annulus fibrosis and the inner jelly-like substance called the nucleus pulposis.

What are the most common disc problems?

• A disc “bulge” describes the symmetric bulging of the entire disc. It happened as a result of a weakened annulus fibrosis. This is a very common disc problem to arise and may or may not cause pain.
  
• Disc protrusions and extrusions are true disc herniations. This occurs when the annulus fibrosis is completely or significantly torn, allowing the inner gelatinous material to leak out. Depending on the severity of the herniation, the herniated material may press on the nerves that exit the spine, or even the spinal cord. This usually results in severe pain and can also cause numbness, tingling, or weakness. If the spinal cord is compressed symptoms may include loss of bowel or bladder control, loss of feeling in both buttocks, legs, and/or arms, inability to walk or use your arms, or fever
   
• Disc degeneration: The nucleus pulposis is made mostly of water. As we age, the water content decreases, therefore decreasing the amount of “cushion” and support the disc can provide. The disc becomes thinner and thinner until the bones begin to grind against each other. The vertebrae often form osteophytes or “bone spurs” as a result of the added pressure on the bones themselves. This is how osteoarthritis presents in the spine.

How are disc problems treated?

• Most disc problems are easily and successfully treated through conservative care. Chiropractic care has been shown to be just as, if not more, effective than surgery in treating disc herniations. In addition to chiropractic adjustments, we use a variety of therapeutic modalities to alleviate pain.
  
• Chiropractic adjustments are a safe and effective way to manage disc problems, especially when combined with therapeutic exercise. By adding motion to the spine and eliminating any joint dysfunction, chiropractors facilitate the disc in returning to its normal state.
  
• Staying as active as possible (without overdoing it) is imperative to the healing process. Keeping your spine moving is incredibly beneficial and will help to get you back to your daily activities sooner. By adding motion to your spine, you’re increasing the amount of blood flow and nutrients that the disc is receiving. Bed rest will not have this effect and tends to increase stiffness.
  
• In most circumstances, spine surgery and injections are not necessary. These are usually only necessary in severe cases. We will evaluate and examine your specific case thoroughly in order to determine if you need to be referred out to another specialist for pain management and if so, we will coordinate care with that doctor and co-treat you appropriately.